EVALUATION OF INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES IN THE USE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN ATTRACTING INVESTMENTS

Abstract

The article examines foreign experience in attracting investment through public-private partnership (PPP) as an important instrument of state investment policy. It is substantiated that, in international practice, PPP is not only a form of financing infrastructure projects, but also a comprehensive mechanism for combining public and private resources to create and modernize socially significant infrastructure. It is determined that the effectiveness of PPP depends on the quality of the legal and regulatory environment, the institutional capacity of the state, the use of efficiency assessment tools (VfM, PSC), transparency of procedures, appropriate risk allocation, and fiscal control. The study analyzes the development trends of the global PPP market in 2022-2024. It has been established that its dynamics were characterized by a decline in the number of deals under the influence of macroeconomic and geopolitical instability; however, PPP retained its importance as a key mechanism for implementing infrastructure and socially significant projects. Considerable regional variability of the market was identified: in 2024, the role of Europe increased, while the shares of Asia, North America, and Latin America declined. Particular attention is paid to the European PPP market in 2024, which was characterized by a decrease in the aggregate value of deals, a reduction in the average transaction size, an increase in the share of smaller projects, and a stronger role of government-paid models based on availability payments. It is shown that, alongside the dominance of transport infrastructure, the importance of educational, healthcare, environmental, digital, and коммунal projects is increasing. The author concludes that the modern PPP market is evolving toward a more flexible, diversified, and risk-sensitive model. For Ukraine, the need to develop its own institutionally coordinated PPP system is substantiated, capable of ensuring recovery, modernization, and long-term attraction of private capital.