MANAGEMENT OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF COW FEEDING RATIONS ON AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES: SIMULATION OF FOOD RATIONS AND THEIR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Abstract

In the article, the authors highlight the peculiarities of managing the economic efficiency of optimizing cow feeding rations at agricultural enterprises, in particular, the attention is focused on the modeling of food rations and their comparative analysis. The authors present the results of optimization of cow feeding rations, carried out according to three models based on methodological approaches from the USA, Germany and Holland. The author's team proved that the main goal of the study was to determine the effectiveness of using these models to calculate the animal's need for nutrients and improve feeding rations. After all, the achievement of competitiveness in the production of livestock products in the conditions of globalization is connected with the development of information technologies, in particular, with the development and implementation of optimization models for the effective distribution of feed resources (animal feeding rations). Calculations showed that there are no significant signs of advantages in the optimization results obtained with the help of our developed models compared to traditional methods. This indicates the need for further improvement of methodological approaches to the calculation of cow feeding rations. In the study, the authors paid special attention to the issue of the importance of reliable constant chemical analysis of feed, which is critically important for achieving optimal results in feeding. The study shows that the quality of fodder and its constituent elements directly affect the productivity of dairy farming, as well as the overall economic effect of milk production. Constant monitoring of the chemical composition of feed provides an opportunity to adjust rations in time, which, in turn, can positively affect the health of animals and their productivity. Therefore, the results of the work indicate that the effectiveness of optimizing cow feeding rations is closely related to the systematic and detailed analysis of feed. It has been proven that the use of models for optimizing cow feeding rations, developed in countries with high rates of dairy cattle development, for different stages of lactation and levels of productivity revealed the absence of significant advantages of some models over others. All these models efficiently distribute feed resources between groups of cows depending on the stage of lactation and productivity, while ensuring maintenance of the planned level of productivity and guaranteeing the health of the animals. To achieve the successful operation of dairy farming, it is necessary to continue research in this field and implement new approaches to optimization, taking into account the specifics of each agricultural enterprise.